0069 - Roman garrison of Mainz uprising 0089 - Governor Lucius Antonius Saturninus of Germany becomes emperor of Rome 0313 - Start of Roman (Pontifical) Indiction 0404 - Last gladiator competition in Rome 0414 - King Ataulf of Narbonne marries emperor Honorius sister Galle Placidia 0722 - Hofmeier Charles Martel flees from bishop Willibrord 0898 - Odo, Earl of Paris/King of France (888-98), dies at about 39 0990 - Russia adopts Julian calendar 1387 - Karel de Boze, king of Navarra (1349-87), dies 1430 - Jews of Sicily are no longer required to attend conversionist services 1438 - Albrecht II von Habsburg becomes king of Hungary 1494 - Juw Dekama elected potentate of Frisia 1502 - Gregorius XIII, [Ugo Buoncampagni], Italy, pope (1572-85), die 1502 - Portuguese navigators discover Rio de Janeiro 1504 - King Louis XII loses last bulwark in Naples, Caeta 1515 - Louis XII, "the Justified" king of France (1498-1515), dies at 52 1515 - Francois, Duke of Angouleme succeeds Louis XII as Francois I of France 1515 - Jews are expelled from Laibach Austria 1573 - Geuzen sets fire to Woudrichem 1559 - Christian III, king of Denmark/Norway (1534-59), dies 1583 - 1st day of the Gregorian calendar in Holland & Flanders 1610 - German astronomer Simon Marius 1st discovers the Jupiter moons, but does not officially report it, Galileo does on July 1 1610 1622 - Papal Chancery adopts Jan 1 as beginning of the year (was Mar 25) 1651 - Charles II Stuart crowned king of Scotland 1660 - 1st entry in Samuel Pepys' diary 1660 - General Moncks army battles with the Tweed on way to London 1660 - Thomas Fairfax' New Model-army occupies York 1673 - Regular mail delivery begins between NY & Boston 1675 - Don Carlos de Gurrea/Arag�n becomes Spanish land guardian of S Netherlands 1689 - Pro-James II-earl of Danby occupies York
1700 - Protestant West-Europe (except England) begin using Gregorian calendar 1700 - Russia replaces Byzantines with Julian calendar 1701 - Great Britain & Ireland union is in effect, creating United Kingdom 1707 - Jacob V succeeds his father Pedro II as king of Portugal 1739 - J B C Bouvet de Lozier discovers Bouvet Island, near Antarctica 1766 - Frans E Jacobus III (James III), Old Pretender, King of Gt Britain/Ireland, dies 1770 - Date of action in the opera "Madeleine" 1772 - 1st traveller's checks issued (London) 1776 - General George Washington hoists Continental Union Flag 1782 - Johann Christian Bach, German composer/Mozarts tutor, dies at 46 1785 - "Daily Universal Register" (Times of London) publishes 1st issue 1787 - Arthur Middleton, US farmer (signed Declaration of Independence), dies at 44 1788 - London's Daily Universal Registrar becomes the Times 1788 - Quakers in Pennsylvania emancipate their slaves 1797 - Albany replaces NYC as capital of NY 1798 - Russia appoints 1st Jewish censor to censor Hebrew books 1800 - Dutch East Indies Company dissolves 1801 - Ireland & Great Britain (England & Scotland) form United Kingdom 1804 - Haiti gains independence from France (National Day) 1807 - Curacao is taken by English (until March, 1816) 1808 - African Benevolent Society (education) forms 1808 - Congress prohibits importation of slaves 1808 - Sierra Leone becomes a British colony 1809 - Holland Brigade under Brig. General Chass� reaches Madrid 1814 - Field marshal Blocher's troops cross the Rhine at Kaub 1818 - Official reopening of the White House 1826 - Baron Van der Capellen resigns as governor of Dutch-Indies 1827 - Dutch Trade Company NHM gets opium monopoly on Java 1831 - William Lloyd Garrison publishes 1st issue of abolitionist journal 1833 - British government demands Falkland islands 1833 - Curacao census: 2,602 whites, 6,531 free people & 5,894 slaves 1834 - German Tolunie goes into effect 1838 - 1st official horse race in South Australia-Adelaide 1840 - 1st recorded bowling match in US, Knickerbocker Alleys, NYC 1842 - 1st illustrated weekly magazine in US publishes 1st issue, NYC 1844 - 1st edition of New Rotterdam's Daily (3x per week) 1846 - Yucatan declares independence from Mexico 1847 - Michigan is 1st state to abolish capital punishment 1848 - Britain takes Mosquito Coast from Nicaragua 1851 - City of Glasgow steamer inaugurates Philadelphia-Liverpool line 1852 - 1st US public bath opens, in NYC 1852 - National debt of Britain & Ireland is �765,126,582 1852 - Netherlands begins issuing postage stamps 1853 - 1st practical fire engine (horse-drawn) in US enters service 1854 - Lincoln University, a black college, chartered (Oxford, Penn) 1858 - Canada begins using decimal currency system 1860 - Slavery ends of in Neth Indies 1861 - Porfirio Diaz conquers Mexico City 1861 - President Lincoln declares slavery in Confederate states unlawful 1862 - 1st US income tax (3% of incomes > $600, 5% of incomes > $10,000) 1862 - Battle of Ft McRee, FL Battle of Port Royal, SC (Port Royal Ferry) 1863 - 1st homestead under the Homestead Act claimed, near Beatrice, Nebraska 1863 - Battle of Galveston, Texas-Confederates recapture the city 1863 - Battle of Helena, Arkansas 1863 - Emancipation Proclamation (ending slavery) issued by Lincoln 1865 - -Apr 26th] Carolinas' campaign 1871 - Belgium disbands salt tax 1873 - Origin of Japanese Era 1874 - New York City annexes the Bronx 1877 - England's Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India 1879 - John Brahms' Violin Concerto in D major premieres in Leipzig 1880 - Building of Panama Canal, begins 1881 - Dr John H Watson is introduced to Sherlock Holmes 1886 - 1st Tournament of Roses (Pasadena Calif) 1891 - French troops occupy Nioro, West-Sudan, 3000 killed 1891 - King Pakketvaart sails to Netherland Indies 1892 - Ellis Island becomes reception center for new immigrants 1893 - 1st US college extension courses for credit, University of Chicago 1893 - Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar 1894 - Denmark adopts Mid-European time 1894 - Manchester Ship Canal in England opens to traffic 1895 - Norway adopts Mid-European time 1896 - Wilhelm Roentgen announces his discovery of x-rays 1897 - 1st football game between black colleges-Atlanta U 10, Tuskegee 0 1897 - Brooklyn merges with NY to form present City of NY 1898 - Lightship replaces whistling buoy at mouth of SF Bay 1899 - Cuba liberated from Spain by US (Natl Day) (US occupies till 1902) 1900 - 1st date in John dos Passos' USA trilogy (The 42nd Parallel) 1900 - British protectorates of Northern & Southern Nigeria established 1900 - Compulsory education in Netherlands goes into effect 1901 - Australia declares independence from federation of UK colonies 1902 - 1st Rose Bowl game (Pasadena, California) (U of Mich-49, Sanford-0) 1902 - Nathan Stubblefield makes 1st public demonstration of radio, Pennsylvania 1904 - Netherland Indies colony begins opium production 1905 - 9 hour work day for diamond miners 1906 - Dutch law makes driver's license mandatory 1907 - President Theodore Roosevelt shakes a record 8,513 hands in 1 day 1908 - 1st time, ball signifying new year dropped at Times Square 1908 - Jack Hobbs makes his Test debut at the MCG (83 & 28) 1909 - Robert Fowler runs then world record marathon (2:52:45.4) 1910 - Simpson-Hayward (England) takes 6-43 on debut with underarm lobs 1911 - Belgian Mining law introduces 9�-hour work day 1911 - South Australia transfers Northern Territory to federal government 1912 - Sun Yat-sen forms Chinese Republic 1913 - Post office begins parcel post deliveries 1914 - 1st scheduled airline flight, St Petersburg-Tampa (Tony Jannus pilot) 1914 - Klaas ter Laan becomes Netherland's 1st socialist mayor (Zaandam) 1914 - Northern & Southern Nigeria united in British colony of Nigeria 1915 - DW Griffith shows "Clansman" at a sneak preview 1915 - Jews of Laibach Austria expelled 1916 - 1st football game in Rose Bowl (Washington State-Brown) 1916 - 1st issue of "Journal of Negro History" published 1918 - Last day of the Julian calendar in Finland 1919 - Belorussian SSR established 1922 - Vancouver, BC starts driving on the right side of road 1923 - Union of Socialist Soviet Republics established 1925 - Norway's capital Christiania changes name to Oslo 1926 - Flood in Rhine strikes Cologne 1927 - Communist uprising in West Java 1927 - Dodgers announce release of future Hall of Fame Zack Wheat 1928 - 1st US air-conditioned office building opens, San Antonio 1929 - Roy Riegels runs 60 yds the wrong way with Rose Bowl fumble recovery 1930 - Earl Claus von Stauffenberg promoted to 2nd lieutenant 1930 - Jurgens & Van den Berg merge with Lever Brothers to form Unilever 1932 - Jacob Cocey Sr chosen as mayor of Massillon, Ohio 1932 - Rasse und Siedlungshauptamt publishes Himmler's wedding laws 1934 - Alcatraz officially becomes a federal prison 1934 - Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (US bank guarantor) effective 1934 - International Telecommunication Union established 1935 - 1st Sugar Bowl & 1st Orange Bowl 1935 - Associated Press inaugurates Wirephoto 1935 - Eastern Airlines hires Eddie Rickenbacker as GM 1935 - President Mustapha Kemal Pasha names himself "Atatork: Father of Turkey" 1936 - 1st newspaper to microfilm its current issues, NY Herald Tribune 1937 - Anastasio Somoza becomes president of Nicaragua 1937 - Count Claus von Stauffenberg promoted to captain 1937 - US Army Air Corps physiological research laboratory completed, Ohio 1941 - Netherlands begins taxing wages 1941 - Russian general Zhukov appointed chief of general staff 1942 - Rose Bowl played in NC due to Japanese threat-Oregon 20, Duke 16 1942 - US & 25 other countries sign a united declaration against the Axis 1943 - Count Claus von Stauffenberg promoted to lt-Colonel 1943 - Negro League star Josh Gibson suffers a nervous breakdown 1944 - 1st feature-length foreign movie, African Journey, shown on TV, NYC 1944 - Army defeats Navy 10-7 in football "Arab Bowl," Oran, North Africa 1944 - General Clark replaces Gen Patton as commander of 7th Army 1945 - France joins the UN 1945 - German air raid on allied airports at Eindhoven/Saint-Trond/Brussels 1946 - ENIAC, US 1st computer finished by Mauchly/Eckert 1946 - Emperor Hirohito of Japan announces he is not a god 1946 - National Assembly proclaims Hungary a republic 1947 - Benelux agress to work related issues 1947 - Britain nationalizes its coal industry 1948 - 1st color newsreel filmed (Pasadena Calif) 1948 - Bradman scores 132 in the 1st innings of the 3rd Test v India 1948 - Britain nationalizes its railways 1948 - General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade effective 1948 - Italy adopts constitution 1948 - Orissa province accedes to India 1949 - Tokelau (Union) Islands declared part of New Zealand 1950 - Dutch Government raises all wages 5%, minimally � 5 per week 1950 - Ho Chi Minh begins offensive against French troops in Indo China 1951 - Massive Chinese/North Korean assault on UN-lines 1952 - Dmitri Shostakovitch completes his 5th string quartet 1954 - Rose & Cotton Bowl are 1st sport colorcasts 1954 - Yugoslav parliament chairman/VP Milovan Djilas criticize communism 1955 - Bhutan issues its 1st postage stamps 1956 - Elvis Presley records Heartbreak Hotel for RCA in Nashville 1956 - Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan) declares independence from Egypt & UK 1957 - France returns Saar to becomes the 10th state of German Federal Republic 1957 - International Geophysical Year begins; ends 6/30/1958 (18-mo year) 1958 - European Economic Community (Common Market) starts operation 1958 - Sammy Davis Jr marries Loray White 1958 - Treaties establish European Economic Community (Common Market) 1959 - Castro leads Cuba to victory as Fulgencio Batista flees to Dominican Republic 1959 - Chad becomes autonomous republic in French Community
1960 - Cameroon (French Cameroon) gains independence from France 1960 - Johnny Cash plays 1st of many free concerts behind bars 1960 - Montserrat adopts constitution 1960 - US census at 179,245,000 1961 - Briggs Stadium is renamed Tigers Stadium 1961 - Houston Oilers beat LA Chargers 24-16 in AFL championship game 1961 - Largest check issued, Natl Bank of Chicago to Sears ($960.242 billion) 1961 - Russia introduces a new ruble worth $1.11 1962 - Beatles' Decca audition is unsuccessful 1962 - Rwanda granted internal self-government by Belgium 1962 - Western Samoa gains independence from New Zealand Susuga Malietoa Tanumafili II becomes co-chief of Western Samoa 1963 - G Woods succeeds Eugene Black as president of the World Bank 1964 - Federation of Rhodesia & Nyasaland dissolved 1965 - International Cooperation Year begins 1965 - Palestinian al-Fatah organization forms 1966 - 12 day transit worker strike shuts down NYC subway 1966 - Military coup by Col Jean-Bedel Bokassa in Central African Republic 1966 - Simon & Garfunkel's "Sounds of Silence" reaches #1 1966 - All US cigarette packs have to carry "Caution Cigarette smoking may be hazardous to your health" 1967 - CRU becomes the CAFA & turns over the Grey Cup trophy to the CFL 1967 - Day's play in the Calcutta Test v W Indies cancelled by riots 1967 - FCC requires AM-FM sister stations to be at least 50% different 1967 - Green Bay Packers beat Dallas Cowboys 34-27 in NFL championship game 1967 - KC Chiefs beat Buffalo Bills 31-7 in AFL championship game 1967 - St Helena adopts constitution 1967 - Tonga revises constitution 1968 - Evel Knievel fails in his attempt to jump C�sar's Palace Fountain 1969 - Jack Kent Cooke, owner of NHL's LA Kings, fines each player $100 for "NOT" arguing with the referee 1970 - "The Epoch" (Time 0 for UNIX systems, Midnight GMT) 1970 - Afro-American Historical Calendar Series Established 1970 - Charles "Chub" Feeney becomes president of baseball's National League 1970 - Netherland Christian Workers Union (NCW) forms 1970 - Revised calendar for Western (RC) Church goes into effect 1971 - Cigarette advertisements banned on TV 1972 - China PR performs nuclear test at Lop Nor PRC 1972 - International Book Year begins 1973 - 47th Australian Women's Tennis: Margaret Court beats Goolagong (64 75) 1973 - Britain, Ireland & Denmark become 7th-9th members of Common Market 1973 - West African Economic Community formed (Benin, Ivory Coast, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Upper Volta) 1974 - Lee MacPhail takes over as AL president, succeeding Joe Cronin 1974 - NBC radio begins on the hour news 24 hours a day (following CBS lead) 1974 - World Population Year begins 1975 - Haldeman, Ehrlichman, Mitchell & Mardian convicted of Watergate crime 1975 - International Women's Year begins 1975 - Sweden adopts constitution 1976 - Liberty Bell moves to new home behind Independence Hall 1976 - NBC replaces the peacock logo 1976 - Venezuela nationalizes oil fields 1977 - 1st woman formally ordained an Episcopal priest (Jacqueline Means) 1977 - Belgium reapportions 2,359 communities into 596 1977 - Czech intellects begin Human Rights Group Chapter 77 1977 - Tony Dorsett runs for record 202 yards in the Sugar Bowl 1978 - Air India B747 explodes near Bombay killing 213 1978 - President Ford signs 1st major revision of copyright law since 1909 1979 - International Year of the Child begins 1979 - Jura, 26th canton of Switzerland, established 1979 - US & China (Peoples Republic) begin diplomatic relations 1980 - 54th Australian Womens Tennis: Barbara Jordan beats S Walsh (63 63) 1980 - Alabama beats Arkansas in Sugar Bowl for college football championship 1980 - Chrysler UK renamed Talbot 1980 - International Decade of Water & Sanitation begins 1980 - Mob storms Russian embassy in Teheran 1980 - Premier Adbou Diouf becomes president of Senegal 1980 - Sweden changes order of succession to throne 1981 - Georgia beats Notre Dame in Sugar Bowl for college football title 1981 - Greece is 10th country to join European Economic Community 1981 - International Year for the Disabled begins 1981 - Palau (Trust Territory of Pacific Is) becomes self-governing 1981 - Roger Smith becomes CEO of General Motors 1982 - 30 Something stars Ken Olin & Patricia Wettig meet, later they marry 1982 - Clemson wins the Orange Bowl for college football championship 1982 - Javier Perez de Cuellar becomes Secretary-General of UN 1982 - MTA launches a 5 year plan to upgrade the NYC subway system 1982 - Pope John Paul II prays for an end to martial law in Poland 1982 - TA launches 5 year capital program to overhaul NYC subway system 1983 - PGA inaugurates all-exempt tour 1983 - Penn State beats Georgia in Sugar Bowl for college football title 1983 - World Communications Year begins 1984 - AT&T's 22 owned Bell system companies divests into 8 companies 1984 - Brunei becomes independent of UK 1984 - NYC transit fare rises from 75� to 90� 1985 - Actress Judith Licht (Who's the Boss) gets married 1985 - International Youth Year begins 1985 - US's 1st manadatory seat belt law goes into effect (NY) 1985 - VH-1 made its broadcasting debut 1986 - Aruba becomes independent from neighbor island Curacao 1986 - Barbara Striesand & Jon Peters relationship breaks up 1986 - International Peace Year begins 1986 - NYC transit fare rises from 90� to $1.00 1986 - Oklahoma wins Orange Bowl for college football championship 1986 - Spain & Portugal are 11th & 12th to join European Economic Community 1986 - Iowa's All-American running back, Ronnie Harmon, fumbles the ball 4 times in his last game-the Rose Bowl 1987 - 60 bodies recovered in Dupont Plaza Hotel fire in Puerto Rico 1987 - China's rudimentary civil code in effect 1987 - International Year of Shelter for Homeless begins 1988 - Czech born tennis star Hana Mandikova becomes an Australian Citizen 1988 - Miami beats Oklahoma for college football championship 1988 - Year of the Reader begins 1989 - Actress Kelly McGillis gets married 1989 - NYC transit fare rises from $1.00 to $1.15 1989 - Year of the Young Reader begins 1990 - David Dinkins sworn in as 1st black mayor of NYC 1990 - Mitsuko Nishiwaki beats Nakano to become Japan Women wrestling champ 1990 - NYC MTA stops token redemption at subway stations 1990 - Sports News Network begins operation on cable TV 1990 - FCC implements "SYNDEX" giving independent stations more rights over cable TV outlets for exclusive syndicated programs 1991 - 5% sales tax on consumer goods & services goes into effect in USSR 1991 - Iraq rejects peace proposal from Egyptian Pres Hosi Mubarak 1992 - Bush is 1st US pres to address Australian Parliament 1992 - Curacao becomes 1st in Dutch Antilles to have compulsory education 1992 - Europe breaks down trade barriers 1992 - International Space Year begins 1992 - NYC transit fare increases from $1.15 to $1.25 1993 - 12 member European Economic Community set up vast free trade zone 1993 - Blockbuster Bowl 3: Stanford beats Penn State, 24-3 1993 - Cigarette advertisements are banned in NYC's MTA 1993 - Czechoslovakia separates into Czech Republic (Bohemia) & Slovakia 1993 - Harry Connick Jr arrested at a NY airport for gun possession 1994 - Aleksandr Popov swims world record 100m free style (47.83) 1994 - Carquest Bowl 4: Boston College beats Virginia, 32-13 1994 - Howard Stern's New Year's Eve Beauty Pageant 1994 - International Year of Family 1994 - Microsoft CEO Bill Gates (38) marries Melinda French (29) 1994 - North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect 1995 - Austria, Finland & Sweden act to join European Union 1995 - Centennial of Canadian Mounties presence in Canada's Yukon Territory 1995 - Fernando Henrique Cardoso installed as president of Brazil 1995 - International Year of Tolerance 1995 - Last "Far Side" by cartoonist Gary Larson (started 1980) 1996 - After 27 years, Betty Rubble debuts as a Flintstone vitamin 1996 - Curacao gains limited form of self rule (Status Aparte) 1998 - All Calif bars, clubs & card rooms must be smoke-free 1998 - Mongolia switches from a 46 hour to 40 hour work week 1998 - US Census Bureau estimates population at 268,921,733 1999 - International Year of Elderly
